Immigration in New Zealand
← Harmonizing Class Differences by Intersecting Gender, Sexuality and Race | Mayan Scientific Achievements → |
This research proposal analyzes the issue of immigration in New Zealand from a multidimensional perspective. The main interest of this research is of economic nature viz. employment and lifestyle. A comparative analysis will finally be done to help in comparing the economic condition of the immigrants’ countries and that of New Zealand. Due to the technical nature of the subject matter, analysis will be conducted using secondary data that has already been compiled by relevant agencies. The major researches that will give this research proposal a proper direction will be from Immigration Survey Monitoring Program (New Zealand) and Foundation for Research Science and Technology (New Zealand). Using the findings of these empirical literatures, a generalization will then be made to comprise conclusion.
Introduction and background
New Zealand features among the few countries in which the population of immigrants accounts to a significant proportion of the total population (OECD 12). In New Zealand, immigrants accounts to about 25% of the total population. Despite the fact that a significant number of New Zealanders go abroad annually; either on permanent or temporary basis, the population of New Zealand is ever increasing (Hugo 25). This is because the immigration rate (number of people coming to New Zealand) exceeds emigration rate (number of people moving out of New Zealand). The country is therefore diverse in terms of demography, social and economic aspects viz. lifestyle and employment (Card 45).
The fact that immigrants form a significant proportion of New Zealand’s population justifies an analysis of the comparative living conditions between the natives and immigrants. It is with this regard that is imperative to carry out a study seeking to understand the current situation of living. It is evident that immigration impacts on New Zealand in multidimensional ways (Hanson 17). This research paper, however, will majorly take an economic perspective. This is because the impact of immigration is usually evaluated in economic terms.
Immigration to New Zealand has mainly flourished owing to the fact that the government does not deploy a stringent policy to control it. It is imperative to note that New Zealand has a liberal immigration program (Qian 29). Provided a person has the right skills and experience he can be granted permanent residence almost instantly. This is through an immigration program called Skilled Migrant Category. Immigrants usually provide a variety of reasons for coming to New Zealand. According to a statistical survey, around 40 % of immigrants come to New Zealand in quest to enjoy the good green climate while 39 % come in such of employment opportunities; to enable them improve the living standards of their children. One study suggests that 92.5 % of immigrants are contented with lifestyle in New Zealand upon their six months stay. In fact 92.2% declared their intentions to continue living in the country for the next three years (Monetary and Economic Council 35). Furthermore, it should be recorded that immigrants in New Zealand are usually successful in getting employment opportunities. Statistics from the government statistical department depicts that 95% of the skilled immigrants who applied for the Skilled Migration Program, are actively employed with only 1.9% seeking for jobs (Harvey 8). This implies that there are many job opportunities for immigrants in New Zealand. Though many immigrants do not face problems in acquiring jobs, lack of New Zealand job oriented experience has been cited as the major impediment hindering immigrants to enjoy job opportunities in equal measure with the native (White & Tadesse 498).
Research Questions
The primary objective of this research proposal will be answering the following research questions;
I. What are the major drivers for immigration in New Zealand?
II. What is the current labor market condition for immigrants?
III. What are the major challenges facing immigrants in New Zealand?
Hypothesis
By holding the following hypothesis to be true, the findings of this research proposal will be credible and a representation of the reality,
I. Findings by Immigration Survey Monitoring Program and Foundation for Research Science and Technology are a true representation of the reality on the ground.
II. The respondents were not biased in their response’s
III. The population of interest is a true and fair representation of the entire immigrant’s population.
Methods
Using the sources mentioned, I will be using these together with data that has already been collected and compiled by government departments and other agencies. Different research questions will be handled using different methods. In trying to answer the first question; major drivers for immigration, I will be using interviews that has already been conducted on immigrants asking them why they chose to come to New Zealand. More specifically, I will be using the findings of the research conducted by Foundation for Research Science and Technology in New Zealand. In answering the second question; the current labor market condition for immigrants, I will be using empirical literature that has been compiled in documentaries and scholarly articles. I will use data from Immigration Survey Monitoring Program. The third question is a matter of observation. I will therefore seek to provide an answer based on what immigrants have been saying about their experience in New Zealand. Data from Immigration Survey Monitoring Program will also play an imperative role in answering this question.
In most cases, therefore, I will be perusing through findings by the Migrant Survey (pilot) for 2009. The survey selected migrants aged 16 years and above as the population of interest. The target population comprised of a total of 23,956 respondents (migrants). From the target population, further exclusion based on different criteria was done, leaving only 8,594 migrants to participate in this survey. Out of this number, 36% responded to the survey and the responses were made mainly online or through telephone interviews. Those eligible to participate in this survey were sent letters to notify them in advance. Those who had access to the internet finished the survey online. 2,092 of the respondents participated in the online survey while 1,000 respondents participated in the telephone interview. To improve the credibility of the study, only immigrants with physical address were allowed to participate.
- Data gathering tools
As described above, the data that has been used in this analysis had been collected by use of questionnaires. Besides, interviews were also conducted mainly via the telephone. Surveys by relevant agencies also constitute a major source of information.
Data Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation
- Research by Foundation for Research Science and Technology (New Zealand)
According to a research conducted by the Integration of Immigrants Program (IIP) by the Foundation for Research, Science and Technology, economic factors are the main reason behind immigration in New Zealand (UNDP 54). The findings of the survey which focused on five groups; British, Chinese, Indians, Koreans and south Africans suggests that most immigrants come to New Zealand in quest to find employment opportunities and thereby improve on their lifestyle (Kennedy 7). Lifestyle is therefore the main driver of immigration in New Zealand. Lifestyle is the main motivator of migration.
- Data from Immigration Survey Monitoring Programme 2009 Migrant Survey (pilot)
N.B. Table 1 and table 2 have been adopted from Immigration Survey Monitoring Program.
From figure 1 immigrant have access to good job opportunities in New Zealand. The conditions are favorable in terms of experience and skills that match to the labor market. The 2009 Migrants Survey suggests that 68% of the principal immigrants are actively employed. 81% of these principal immigrants said that they were deriving much satisfaction from their jobs. Moreover, more than 90% of the skilled principal foreigners had been employed with more than 80% of them holding working permits. Further analysis shows that 95% of immigrants approved through the Essential Skills Policy had jobs. 70 % of those approved through the Family-related work policy also had jobs. In overall terms, only less than 10% of the immigrants lacked jobs in the entire labor market. Moreover, 83% of the immigrants were working on full time basis. 25% of those employed in the category of skilled secondary were working on part-time basis while only 4% of principal immigrants with skills and 4% of the Essential Skills Workers worked on part time basis.
Figure 2 depicts that 63% of the respondents (immigrants) found the climate in New Zealand to be better than they had actually expected. Many said that the climate was better than at their home country. The figure also depicts that New Zealand was far much ahead in terms of security and education quality. On the other hand, there was mixed reactions on the issue of housing and the ability to secure an employment opportunity. The number of respondents who said that the two aspects were better than at their home country was almost equal with the number that found them worse than at their home country. This can be best explained by the hardships that immigrants undergo upon their arrival at New Zealand. They include job and housing problems and unrealistic expectation. 33.33% of the immigrants also felt that the level of taxes imposed and the cost of living were higher than they had expected. The impression here is that they are probably higher than at their home. On matters of education, 41% of foreign students felt that the cost of education was much higher than they had expected. In contrast to this, more than 30% thought that the quality of education was much higher than in their country. Only 13% thought that the quality of education was inferior to their home country.
- Mayan Scientific Achievements
- Effects of Online Gaming and Its Effects on the Users
- Harmonizing Class Differences by Intersecting Gender, Sexuality and Race
- Soul
Kyle N.
Tempe, AZ
|
|
|
Dear Sirs: I have just placed my third order from EssaysEmpire.com this term. I feel confident that my paper will be written on time and that the quality of it will be out of the ballpark. The first two papers I ordered from you got A+ marks, and I know this one will, too. It is so great to be able to sit back and concern myself with my reading and exams while you do the difficult writing projects for me. That is really great. You guys are a class act! |
Philipa W.
Rome, ITALY
|
|
|
The paper that your writers did for me on the topic of, The Psychological Effects of Fluorescent Lighting in the Workplace,” was right on the money! They included my long list of customizations and did not charge extra for them. The formatting was just right. There were no grammatical errors. The length was what it was supposed to be. I am so happy that I chose to let the EssaysEmpire.com writers take care of my paper for me. I will choose this writing service again without hesitation. |
Susan L.
Ashland, OR
|
|
|
The writer who worked on my paper far exceeded what I asked of him. The paper is better than I thought it would be. I got an A+ on it! Thanks! |
Mark M.
Cambridge, MA
|
|
|
The paper I ordered from EssaysEmpire.com is incomparable! Thanks for doing such stellar work. I have recommended your services to a few other folks who plan to try you out soon. EssaysEmpire.com gets my vote for best writing service every time. |
Stephanie K.
Stowe, VT
|
|
|
Dear Sirs: Just a quick note to let you know that I appreciate your working on my paper so quickly. I did get it in time to turn it in for the deadline, even though I hadn’t given you much notice. I made a very good grade on it and was much relieved. Thanks again. You rock. |
Emily H.
Norman, OK
|
|
|
My writer revealed to me that when he isn’t working for you, he is teaching at a major university. He also told me that a lot of the other writers who work for you are professors. That is impressive! No wonder I got an A+ on my paper! |
George Sparlin
Nashville, TN
|
|
|
You guys are fabulous to offer such amazing guarantees for your work. I hired you for my last two papers because there was no risk involved. That was a pretty attractive option, if you ask me. Of course, I didnРІР‚в„ўt have to cash in on any kind of guarantee, because the work was perfect! Go figure. Thank you, EssaysEmpire.com. |
Mark R.
Seattle, WA
|
|
|
I am so happy with my term paper. The writer did a spectacular job!! Thanks to the writing team and also to the customer service team. |
Steve P.
Portland, OR
|
|
|
I am beginning to understand why your writing service was recommended to me so highly. Everything you do is a cut above your competition. You’re really great! |
Marcy V.
Paris, FR
|
|
|
Given the short amount of time I gave your writers to create my term paper, I was amazed by how good it was when I received it back! It appeared they had spent months writing it, rather than just one week. Thank you, EssaysEmpire.com! I enjoyed doing business with you. You are a fabulous writing company. |
Della M.
Belfast, IR
|
|
|
I had to turn on my laptop for the express purpose of writing to you. I had to let you know what lifesavers you people are! I had never even considered hiring a professional writer to help me and was almost resigned to dropping out of school altogether. Then, I thought about it, and asked myself what it would hurt to try EssaysEmpire.com for just one paper. That paper was written astonishingly well! From that one paper, I learned many of the things that I did not know about writing. It was perfect, so I learned all about formatting in the APA style. I learned a lot, so I want to thank you for that. |
Katy A.
London, England
|
|
|
Your writers are very good at what they do. I would recommend your service to anyone. It is impressive and it doesn’t cost too much. |
Billie N.
Atlanta, GA
|
|
|
EssaysEmpire.com is the only writing company that I can trust with my important writing projects. I have learned that I can count on your quality and ability without fail. Thank you, EssaysEmpire.com, for only hiring the best writers. I wouldn’t dream of using any other writing service. |
Royce E.
Dallas, TX
|
|
|
I first approached EssaysEmpire.com with skepticism. However, now, I have none. I am convinced that you are probably the best writing service on the Internet. Plus, you don’t overcharge, as so many writing services do. Thank you for the quality writing at affordable prices. You offer such a valuable service to students such as me. |
Quincy S.
Cambridge, MA
|
|
|
You guys did a super job on my paper. The work definitely exceeded my expectations and eased my anxiety. This was the first time I had hired a writing service. The transaction was seamless. I would use you guys again in a heartbeat! No questions asked. You’re the best, hands down. |
Mark C.
Mexico City, MX
|
|
|
Thanks to EssaysEmpire.com, I was able to keep my GPA up and will be graduating soon. I really needed assistance with my writing. I aced everything else, but I have always had problems expressing myself in writing. The writers at EssaysEmpire.com took the ball and ran with it! Because of them, I am going to graduate. Thank you, from the bottom of my heart, for all of the valuable assistance. |
Tom J.
Jackson, MI
|
|
|
Many thanks to your writers and customer service representatives for helping me get through a very difficult time in my college career. I needed writing assistance and your crew came through for me, big time! My papers were written impeccably. Thanks so much! |
Millie P.
Jackson, WY
|
|
|
Thanks goes out to the writer who filled my order. He did everything right the first time around. I had to ask for one tiny revision, but that was my own fault for leaving it out of the directions. |
Zola R.
Salulita, MX
|
|
|
The paper that I bought from EssaysEmpire.com was a whole lot better than I thought it would be. Thank you for the excellent service and product. I will be happy to recommend you to my friends. |
Ohjasi O.
Tokyo, JP
|
|
|
The essay that your writers turned out for me far exceeded what I was expecting. It even came with a plagiarism report to prove that it was original. The customer service center was the picture of perfection, too. I loved everything about using EssaysEmpire.com and plan to use your services again. You are one class act! |