Immigration in New Zealand
← Harmonizing Class Differences by Intersecting Gender, Sexuality and Race | Mayan Scientific Achievements → |
This research proposal analyzes the issue of immigration in New Zealand from a multidimensional perspective. The main interest of this research is of economic nature viz. employment and lifestyle. A comparative analysis will finally be done to help in comparing the economic condition of the immigrants’ countries and that of New Zealand. Due to the technical nature of the subject matter, analysis will be conducted using secondary data that has already been compiled by relevant agencies. The major researches that will give this research proposal a proper direction will be from Immigration Survey Monitoring Program (New Zealand) and Foundation for Research Science and Technology (New Zealand). Using the findings of these empirical literatures, a generalization will then be made to comprise conclusion.
Introduction and background
New Zealand features among the few countries in which the population of immigrants accounts to a significant proportion of the total population (OECD 12). In New Zealand, immigrants accounts to about 25% of the total population. Despite the fact that a significant number of New Zealanders go abroad annually; either on permanent or temporary basis, the population of New Zealand is ever increasing (Hugo 25). This is because the immigration rate (number of people coming to New Zealand) exceeds emigration rate (number of people moving out of New Zealand). The country is therefore diverse in terms of demography, social and economic aspects viz. lifestyle and employment (Card 45).
The fact that immigrants form a significant proportion of New Zealand’s population justifies an analysis of the comparative living conditions between the natives and immigrants. It is with this regard that is imperative to carry out a study seeking to understand the current situation of living. It is evident that immigration impacts on New Zealand in multidimensional ways (Hanson 17). This research paper, however, will majorly take an economic perspective. This is because the impact of immigration is usually evaluated in economic terms.
Immigration to New Zealand has mainly flourished owing to the fact that the government does not deploy a stringent policy to control it. It is imperative to note that New Zealand has a liberal immigration program (Qian 29). Provided a person has the right skills and experience he can be granted permanent residence almost instantly. This is through an immigration program called Skilled Migrant Category. Immigrants usually provide a variety of reasons for coming to New Zealand. According to a statistical survey, around 40 % of immigrants come to New Zealand in quest to enjoy the good green climate while 39 % come in such of employment opportunities; to enable them improve the living standards of their children. One study suggests that 92.5 % of immigrants are contented with lifestyle in New Zealand upon their six months stay. In fact 92.2% declared their intentions to continue living in the country for the next three years (Monetary and Economic Council 35). Furthermore, it should be recorded that immigrants in New Zealand are usually successful in getting employment opportunities. Statistics from the government statistical department depicts that 95% of the skilled immigrants who applied for the Skilled Migration Program, are actively employed with only 1.9% seeking for jobs (Harvey 8). This implies that there are many job opportunities for immigrants in New Zealand. Though many immigrants do not face problems in acquiring jobs, lack of New Zealand job oriented experience has been cited as the major impediment hindering immigrants to enjoy job opportunities in equal measure with the native (White & Tadesse 498).
Research Questions
The primary objective of this research proposal will be answering the following research questions;
I. What are the major drivers for immigration in New Zealand?
II. What is the current labor market condition for immigrants?
III. What are the major challenges facing immigrants in New Zealand?
Hypothesis
By holding the following hypothesis to be true, the findings of this research proposal will be credible and a representation of the reality,
I. Findings by Immigration Survey Monitoring Program and Foundation for Research Science and Technology are a true representation of the reality on the ground.
II. The respondents were not biased in their response’s
III. The population of interest is a true and fair representation of the entire immigrant’s population.
Methods
Using the sources mentioned, I will be using these together with data that has already been collected and compiled by government departments and other agencies. Different research questions will be handled using different methods. In trying to answer the first question; major drivers for immigration, I will be using interviews that has already been conducted on immigrants asking them why they chose to come to New Zealand. More specifically, I will be using the findings of the research conducted by Foundation for Research Science and Technology in New Zealand. In answering the second question; the current labor market condition for immigrants, I will be using empirical literature that has been compiled in documentaries and scholarly articles. I will use data from Immigration Survey Monitoring Program. The third question is a matter of observation. I will therefore seek to provide an answer based on what immigrants have been saying about their experience in New Zealand. Data from Immigration Survey Monitoring Program will also play an imperative role in answering this question.
In most cases, therefore, I will be perusing through findings by the Migrant Survey (pilot) for 2009. The survey selected migrants aged 16 years and above as the population of interest. The target population comprised of a total of 23,956 respondents (migrants). From the target population, further exclusion based on different criteria was done, leaving only 8,594 migrants to participate in this survey. Out of this number, 36% responded to the survey and the responses were made mainly online or through telephone interviews. Those eligible to participate in this survey were sent letters to notify them in advance. Those who had access to the internet finished the survey online. 2,092 of the respondents participated in the online survey while 1,000 respondents participated in the telephone interview. To improve the credibility of the study, only immigrants with physical address were allowed to participate.
- Data gathering tools
As described above, the data that has been used in this analysis had been collected by use of questionnaires. Besides, interviews were also conducted mainly via the telephone. Surveys by relevant agencies also constitute a major source of information.
Data Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation
- Research by Foundation for Research Science and Technology (New Zealand)
According to a research conducted by the Integration of Immigrants Program (IIP) by the Foundation for Research, Science and Technology, economic factors are the main reason behind immigration in New Zealand (UNDP 54). The findings of the survey which focused on five groups; British, Chinese, Indians, Koreans and south Africans suggests that most immigrants come to New Zealand in quest to find employment opportunities and thereby improve on their lifestyle (Kennedy 7). Lifestyle is therefore the main driver of immigration in New Zealand. Lifestyle is the main motivator of migration.
- Data from Immigration Survey Monitoring Programme 2009 Migrant Survey (pilot)
N.B. Table 1 and table 2 have been adopted from Immigration Survey Monitoring Program.
From figure 1 immigrant have access to good job opportunities in New Zealand. The conditions are favorable in terms of experience and skills that match to the labor market. The 2009 Migrants Survey suggests that 68% of the principal immigrants are actively employed. 81% of these principal immigrants said that they were deriving much satisfaction from their jobs. Moreover, more than 90% of the skilled principal foreigners had been employed with more than 80% of them holding working permits. Further analysis shows that 95% of immigrants approved through the Essential Skills Policy had jobs. 70 % of those approved through the Family-related work policy also had jobs. In overall terms, only less than 10% of the immigrants lacked jobs in the entire labor market. Moreover, 83% of the immigrants were working on full time basis. 25% of those employed in the category of skilled secondary were working on part-time basis while only 4% of principal immigrants with skills and 4% of the Essential Skills Workers worked on part time basis.
Figure 2 depicts that 63% of the respondents (immigrants) found the climate in New Zealand to be better than they had actually expected. Many said that the climate was better than at their home country. The figure also depicts that New Zealand was far much ahead in terms of security and education quality. On the other hand, there was mixed reactions on the issue of housing and the ability to secure an employment opportunity. The number of respondents who said that the two aspects were better than at their home country was almost equal with the number that found them worse than at their home country. This can be best explained by the hardships that immigrants undergo upon their arrival at New Zealand. They include job and housing problems and unrealistic expectation. 33.33% of the immigrants also felt that the level of taxes imposed and the cost of living were higher than they had expected. The impression here is that they are probably higher than at their home. On matters of education, 41% of foreign students felt that the cost of education was much higher than they had expected. In contrast to this, more than 30% thought that the quality of education was much higher than in their country. Only 13% thought that the quality of education was inferior to their home country.
- Mayan Scientific Achievements
- Effects of Online Gaming and Its Effects on the Users
- Harmonizing Class Differences by Intersecting Gender, Sexuality and Race
- Soul
![]() |
Judy C.
Bolingbrook, IL
|
|
I have used EssaysEmpire.com for two years now, and I wouldn’t even consider trying another writing service. I am convinced that there is no other service as good as EssaysEmpire.com, and I only want to work with the best. EssaysEmpire.com has given me well written papers that have come in well before their deadlines, every time. I am happy with EssaysEmpire.com and commit to sticking with them. |
![]() |
Barry M.
Seattle, WA.
|
|
BRAVO! EssaysEmpire.com has done it again. I have just received another A+ for an EssaysEmpire.com paper! Thanks!Thanks! |
![]() |
Willow P.
Park City, UT
|
|
You guys do top-notch work. Time after time, I have had to rely on your help and I can say honestly that you have never let me down. Thank you so much for coming through for me every time. I am not a good writer. I try. I study hard, but when I need help, you are always there to give it to me at an affordable price. |
![]() |
Mark M.
Cambridge, MA
|
|
The paper I ordered from EssaysEmpire.com is incomparable! Thanks for doing such stellar work. I have recommended your services to a few other folks who plan to try you out soon. EssaysEmpire.com gets my vote for best writing service every time. |
![]() |
Gaia W.
Lexington, OK
|
|
EssaysEmpire.com gets an A+ for being the best writing service a student could ever ask for! Thank you for your continued high quality work, guys. I have purchased 6 papers from you over the last two years and they have been exquisite in their workmanship and content. I really appreciate how hard you guys work to please your customers. I’m not surprised that you are reported to be the best writing company online or off. To me, you are exactly that. |
![]() |
Steve Y.
Ft. Worth, TX
|
|
I would just like to say that I am tremendously happy with the two papers that were written for me by the EssaysEmpire.com writers. They were just what I ordered….only better. |
![]() |
Greg C.
Atlanta, GA
|
|
Your writing service is phenomenal. I love the fact that EssaysEmpire.com is even open on Christmas day. You never close, and that tells me that you are dedicated to students like me who might need help over the holidays or any time. The work you do is superior to that of other writing services. I’d say that overall, one simply can’t beat EssaysEmpire.com. Thanks for all that you do for students like me. |
![]() |
Trilly M.
Spokane, WA
|
|
I just had to let you know how much I appreciated receiving a paper back that was of quality that high. I will recommend your writing service to other people I know. You guys do great work. |
![]() |
Kaylie B.
Casper, WY
|
|
Thank you, EssaysEmpire.com, for being the one writing service that I can always depend upon. You are reliable, honest and you do great work. I have been happy with every order I have placed with you |
![]() |
Delaine A.
Taos, NM
|
|
I had a question about the pricing. As I glanced through the EssaysEmpire.com website, I noticed that they were offering a lot for not all that much money. I spoke to a customer service person and she told me that the prices I saw on the website were accurate. Therefore, I ordered my first paper, not expecting all that much. What I got back was a brilliantly written essay that earned an A+ mark! Wow! I am impressed! |
![]() |
Bruce B.
Purcell, OK
|
|
I had a hard time articulating what my professor wanted, so I was able to speak straight to my writer. After I had explained a little bit, I could tell he understood everything. He then took the ball and ran with it, so to speak. He wrote my paper in two days and it was the picture of perfection! I am very grateful that he knew what to do and how to do it so perfectly. |
![]() |
Kathy M.
Las Cruces, NM
|
|
To EssaysEmpire.com: Thank you for my outstanding paper. When I read it, I knew that I would get an A+ on it. Also, thanks for adding all of the pertinent details that I asked you to customize. You did a brilliant job. Just brilliant. |
![]() |
Sharon Q.
Lexington, OK
|
|
Working with your writers is always such a pleasure. Thanks again. |
![]() |
Jaffar M.
Salt Lake City, UT
|
|
My sincere thanks for a job well done. My professor loved my paper and commended me for handing in the one that your writing service helped me with. The paper flowed very well. It was logical and intelligent-sounding. I was very pleased overall. |
![]() |
Melissa C.
Rochester, NY
|
|
I am completely satisfied with the paper I purchased from your company. I only wish I had known about you last year when I took an F grade for not being able to complete a paper on time. The work you did was marvelous. Whenever I find myself falling behind in my school work, I will be sure to pass along some of my more difficult written assignments to you |
![]() |
Susan L.
Ashland, OR
|
|
The writer who worked on my paper far exceeded what I asked of him. The paper is better than I thought it would be. I got an A+ on it! Thanks! |
![]() |
Ren B.
Sparks, NV
|
|
I ordered two papers from you at once. Both of them had strict deadlines and not that much time left. Your writers managed to get both papers to me on time, and both of them received high marks. I am so happy about this! |
![]() |
David H.
New York, NY
|
|
I want to thank each writer who participated in helping with my large project. I know they spent a lot of energy turning out an admirable product, and I feel good for having hired them to take on this important project. EssaysEmpire.com is reputed as the best writing company on the Internet. Now, I know first hand, that you live up to that reputation. I could not have asked for a better deal. |
![]() |
John G.
Erie, PA
|
|
Thanks goes out to the writers who presented me with the best paper I have ever turned in. My professor was so impressed with it that he took excerpts from it to put in his class handouts on how to write the perfect paper. EssaysEmpire.com, you made me one proud student today! |
![]() |
Langley R.
Los Angeles, CA
|
|
One of the things that I appreciate most about EssaysEmpire.com, is that they don’t resell your paper. Only you own it, if you hire them to write something. Other writing services that I have used, just circulate the same paper over and over, and if you get caught turning one in, too bad. You are expelled. EssaysEmpire.com will even give you a plagiarism report after they run it through their anti-plagiarism check. Such details set EssaysEmpire.com above the rest. |